Composition and process using silicone thiols for the protection of the color of dyed keratinous fibres

ABSTRACT

The subject of the invention is the use of a thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane as an agent for protecting the colour of dyed keratinous fibres.

This is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/353,394, filed Dec. 2, 1994, now pending.

The subject of the present invention is the use of silicones which contain thiol groups as agents for protecting the colouring of dyed hair, the compositions and the processes using these silicones which contain thiol groups.

It has long been known that light and washing agents, in particular, have a tendency to attack the artificial colour of dyed hair, this colour fading little by little or changing towards undesirable or less attractive colours.

It has therefore appeared necessary to protect the colour of dyed keratinous fibres and more particularly of dyed hair, from external agents capable of fading or changing the initial colouring obtained after dyeing.

The Applicant has discovered, which is the object of the invention, that silicones containing thiol groups preserve the artificial colouring of dyed keratinous fibres and, in particular, of hair, from degradations due in particular to light and to washing. This property has been demonstrated in particular by exposure to the artificial light of a solar simulator of the XENOTEST 150 type of ORIGINAL HANAU or by washing under standard conditions with the help of an AHIBA TEXOMAT G6B machine.

The subject of the invention is therefore the use of silicone thiols as agents for protecting the colour of dyed keratinous fibres, in particular of dyed hair.

Another subject of the invention consists of the compositions for using these silicone thiols.

The subject of the invention is also a process for the protection of the artificial colouring of keratinous fibres, in particular hair, against the external agents and using the silicone thiols.

Other subjects of the invention will emerge on reading the following description and examples.

The silicone thiols used in accordance with the invention are polydiorganosiloxanes containing in their molecule at least one unit of formula: ##STR1## in which R denotes a divalent aliphatic radical having from 3 to 26 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by an ester function and being able to carry ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units or a mixture thereof, R' denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or trimethylsilyloxy; a denotes an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2, the remaining units having the formula: ##STR2## in which:

R" represents a C₁ -C₁₈ alkyl, phenyl(C₁ -C₆ alkyl) or phenyl group;

b is an integer denoting 1, 2 or 3; at least 50% of the groups R' and R" representing a methyl group, and

2) optionally, units of formula: ##STR3##

The weight content of the thiol groups present in the polydiorgancsiloxane used in accordance with the invention is of between 0.1 and 15% and preferably of between 0.15 and 13%.

The radical R can represent in particular an alkylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, such as more particularly a (CH₂)_(n) group where n is of between 3 and 8, or a group of formula:

    --C.sub.n H.sub.2n O(C.sub.x H.sub.2x O).sub.P --COC.sub.m H.sub.2m --

in which n denotes a whole number of between 1 and 18, m denotes a whole number of between 1 and 8, x=2 or 3 and when x=3 the C₃ H₆ radical is branched, and p is equal to 0 or denotes a number that can go up to 40.

R' denotes more particularly a C₁ -C₆ alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl or n-butyl.

Preferably, the radical R" represents a methyl, C₁₂ H₂₅ or 2-phenylpropyl group;

The radical R represents --(CH₂)₃, ##STR4## and the radical R' represents methyl or trimethylsilyloxy.

The total number of the (I), (II) and optionally (III) units is preferably equal to or smaller than 500 and is, in particular, between 10 and 500.

The Applicant has noted that the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxanes defined above were particularly effective in preserving the colour of dyed hair from attacks by light and by washes.

The thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxanes defined above are used preferably in quantities at least equal to 0.1% and generally of between 0.1 and 20% and preferably between 1 and 10% in a composition containing a cosmetically acceptable medium suitable for being applied to keratinous fibres, in particular human hair.

Such compositions intended to be applied to dyed keratinous fibres and in particular to dyed hair for the purpose of protecting their artificial colour are provided in the form of oily or alcoholic lotions, emulsieas or aqueous or aqueous/alcoholic dispersions.

When the compositions intended to be applied to the dyed keratinous fibres and in particular the hair consist of oily lotions, they contain, as well as the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane, mineral, vegetable, animal or synthetic oils and more particularly isoparaffins such as the ISOPARS or silicone oils such as silicone oils of linear or cyclic structure such as the polyalkylsiloxanes, the polyarylsiloxanes, the polyalkylarylsiloxanes or the polyorganosiloxanes modified by organofunctional groups different from the thiol groups defined above, or their mixture(s).

The oily lotions can also contain silicone gums, waxes or resins jointly with the oils mentioned above.

The alcoholic lotions contain, as well as the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane, a lower alcohol containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms and preferably ethanol or isopropanol and, if necessary, other organic solvents such as the alkylene glycols or the glycol ethers.

When the compositions for dyed keratinous fibres in accordance with the invention are provided in the form of emulsions, they consist of nonionic or cationic, and preferably nonionic, emulsions.

The fatty phase of the emulsions consists either solely of the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane as defined above, or of a mixture of this polydiorganosiloxane with other oils or waxes such as those mentioned above for the oily lotions.

The other phase of the emulsions consists of an aqueous medium.

The nonionic emulsions contain a nonionic emulsifier chosen from the polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohols, the polyoxyethylenated fatty acids, the optionally polyoxyethylenated esters of sorbitan, the polyoxyethylenated or polyglycerolated alkylphenols, the polyoxyethylenated or polyglycerolated fatty amides or the polyglycerolated alpha-diols and fatty alcohols; the number of polyoxyethylenated groups being between 2 and 50, the number of polyglycerolated groups being between 2 and 30; the polyoxyethylenated fatty amides contain preferably 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; the polyglycerolated fatty amides contain preferably 1 to 5 glycerol groups and in particular 1.5 to 4; the fatty acid esters of sorbitan contain preferably 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide.

The cationic emulsions contain a cationic emulsifier chosen from the quaternary ammonium halides such as dialkyl(C₁₀ -C₃₀)dimethylammonium, alkyl(C₁₀ -C₃₀)trimethylammonium or alkyl(C₁₀ -C₃₀)benzyldimethylammonium and the polyoxyethylenated quaternaryammonium salts containing 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide. Distearyldimethyl-ammonium chloride and behenyltrimethylammonium chloride are preferably used.

When the compositions intended to be applied to dyed keratinous fibres and containing the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane, used in accordance with the invention, are dispersions, they contain, in addition to this agent, water and an agent for dispersing or suspending the silicone in the aqueous medium. Dispersing agents more particularly preferred are chosen from a copolymer of crosslinked acrylamide and ammonium acrylate, a polyacrylamide or a crosslinked acrylic acid polymer.

These dispersions can consist of nonrinsable or rinsable products and also shampoos. In the latter case, they contain anionic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants or their mixtures in concentrations generally of between 5 and 30% by weight.

When the compositions in accordance with the invention contain solvents, they are chosen more particularly from the lower alkanols such as ethanol.

The compositions in accordance with the invention can also encompass any other agent usually applied to keratinous fibres; in the case of hair, these adjuvants are cosmetically acceptable adjuvants. These adjuvants can be chosen in particular from dyes, preservatives, cosmetic resins, softeners, fragrances and so on.

The compositions in accordance with the invention can also be provided in the form of sprays or can be pressurised in aerosol devices.

The process for the protection of the artificial colour of dyed keratinous fibres and in particular of dyed hair in accordance with the invention consists in applying to these a composition containing at least 0.1% of a thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane containing the units of formulae (I) and (II) as defined above.

The keratinous fibres and in particular the hair can be dyed using the dyes employed conventionally in hair dyeing, such as by the use of oxidation dye precursors following a dyeing process using an oxidizing agent or by so-called direct dyeing using benzene-related nitro dyes, anthraquinone dyes or azo dyes used conventionally in the dyeing of keratinous fibres.

The use of the silicone thiols according to the invention is particularly well adapted to hair dyed by a dyeing process using an oxidizing agent.

Such compositions are well known to the specialist and are described, for example, in the work HARRY'S COSMETICOLOGY, 7th edition, 1982, pages 533 to 545.

The examples which follow are intended to illustrate the invention without, however, being limiting in character.

EXAMPLE 1

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________                                         Mixture of a chain end-hydroxylated poly-                                                                   65 g                                              dimethylsiloxane and of a cyclic polydi-                                       methylsiloxane, sold under the name Q2-1401                                    by the company DOW CORNING                                                     Polydimethylsiloxane sold under the                                                                         15 g                                              name SILBIONE HUILE 700 45V5 by                                                Rhone-Poulenc                                                                  Polydimethylsiloxane sold under the                                                                         15 g                                              name SILBIONE HUILE 700 45V2                                                   by Rhone-Poulenc                                                               Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane                                                                        5 g                                              of formula:                                                                     ##STR5##                                                                      sold under the name X2 8360 by                                                 DOW CORNING                                                                    ______________________________________                                    

This composition is provided in the form of an oil.

EXAMPLE 2

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________                                         Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane of                                                                  5       g                                           formula:                                                                        ##STR6##                                                                      sold under the name X2 8360 by                                                 DOW CORNING                                                                    Cetyl alcohol oxyethylenated with                                                                         0.6     g                                           2 moles of ethylene oxide                                                      Cetyl alcohol oxyethylenated with                                                                         0.4     g                                           10 moles of ethylene oxide                                                     Water                      q.s. 100                                                                               g                                           spontaneous pH = 8.2                                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 3

    ______________________________________                                         Sodium lauryl ether sulphate (70/30                                                                      15      g AS                                         C12-C14) containing 2.2 moles of ethylene                                      oxide as 28% AS in aqueous solution, sold                                      under the name of EMPICOL ESB/3FL by the                                       company MARCHON                                                                32% aqueous cocoyl betaine solution                                                                      2.4     g                                            Cetyl 2-hydroxycetylstearyl                                                                              2.5     g                                            ether/cetyl alcohol                                                            Coconut acid monoisopropanolamide sold                                                                   1.5     g                                            under the name of EMPILAN CIS by the                                           company MARCHON                                                                Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane                                                                    2       g AS                                         (X2 8360) sold by DOW CORNING, of                                              formula:                                                                        ##STR7##                                                                      Preservative, perfume                                                          Water                     q.s. 100                                                                               g                                            pH adjusted to 6.5 with hydro-                                                 chloric acid.                                                                  ______________________________________                                    

This composition is used as a shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 4

    ______________________________________                                         Polyacrylamide dispersion sold under                                                                     1       g AS                                         the name of SEPIGEL 305 by the company                                         SEPPIC                                                                         Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane                                                                    3       g                                            of formula:                                                                     ##STR8##                                                                      Mixture of α,ω-dihydroxylated PDMS/                                                          15      g                                            cyclotetra- and cyclopentadinethyl-                                            siloxane                                                                       Water                     q.s. 100                                                                               g                                            pH adjusted to 7 with sodium hydroxide                                         ______________________________________                                    

This composition is used in an application not followed by a rinsing in the care of dyed hair,

EXAMPLE 5

    ______________________________________                                         Carboxylic polymer sold under the                                                                         2       g                                           name cf CARBOPOL 940 by the company                                            GOODRICH                                                                       Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane                                                                     8       g                                           of formula:                                                                     ##STR9##                                                                      Dyes, perfume                                                                  Water                      q.s. 100                                                                               g                                           pH adjusted to 6 with triethanolamine                                          ______________________________________                                    

This composition is applied to dyed hair, which is then dried and styled without intermediate rinsing.

EXAMPLE 6

    ______________________________________                                         Vinyl acetate/vinyl para-tert-butyl                                                                       8.65    g                                           benzoate/crotonic acid terpolymer                                              (65/25/10)                                                                     2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol                                                                               0.86    g                                           Tripropylene glycol monoethyl ether                                                                       0.43    g                                           sold under the name of DOWANOL TPM by                                          DOW CHEMICAL                                                                   Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane                                                                     1.5     g                                           sold by DOW CORNING under the name of                                          X2 8360 of formula:                                                             ##STR10##                                                                     Absolute ethyl alcohol     q.s. 100                                                                               g                                           ______________________________________                                    

This composition is used as a lacquer to set the hair.

EXAMPLE 7

    ______________________________________                                         Thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane                                                                     5       g                                            ##STR11##                                                                     sold under the name X2 8360 by                                                 DOW CORNING                                                                    Cyclotetradimethylsiloxane 35      g                                           Cyclopentadimethylsiloxane 35      g                                           Isopar H sold by the company Exxon                                                                        q.s. 100                                                                               g                                           ______________________________________                                    

The compositions of Example 1 and 2, applied regularly to dyed hair, protect its colour from washes and light while imparting softness, sheen and lightness to it. 

We claim:
 1. A composition for protecting the artificial colour of dyed hair from degradation by light and washing, consisting essentially of:a cosmetically acceptable medium; and 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane having:(i) at least one unit of formula ##STR12## wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkylene radicals having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and groups of the formula

    C.sub.n H.sub.2n O(C.sub.x H.sub.2x O).sub.p --COC.sub.m H.sub.2m --

wherein n is a whole number ranging from 1 to 18, m is a whole number ranging from 1 to 8, x is 2 or 3 and when x is 3 the C₃ H₆ radical is branched, and p is equal to 0 or a number up to 40, R' is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a trimethylsilyloxy radical,a is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2, and (ii) the remaining units being selected from(a) units of formula ##STR13## wherein R" is a member selected from the group consisting of C₁ -C₁₈ alkyl groups, phenyl substituted (C₁ -C₆) alkyl groups and phenyl groups, b is an integer equal to 1, 2 or 3; and (b) mixtures of units of formula (II) and units of formula ##STR14## in which R" is as defined above and n is a whole number from 1 to 18; wherein at least 50% of the groups R' and R" represent a methyl group; the weight content of the thiol groups present in said polydiorganosiloxane is between 0.1 and 15%, based on the weight of the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane and the total number of units of formula (I), (II) and (III) ranges from 10 to
 500. 2. The composition of claim 1 in which R is selected from the group consisting of:

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.29 COC.sub.m H.sub.2m --

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O).sub.4 COC.sub.m H.sub.2m -- ##STR15##

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 O--COCH.sub.2 -- ##STR16##

    --(CH.sub.2).sub.12 ; and

R' is --CH₃ or trimethylsilyloxy; and R" is --CH₃ or 2-phenylpropyl.
 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight content of the thiol groups in the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane ranges from 0.15 to 13% by weight, based on the weight of the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane.
 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein said composition is in the form of an oily lotion, emulsion or aqueous or aqueous/alcoholic dispersion.
 5. The composition of claim 1, wherein said composition is in the form of an oily lotion further containing mineral, vegetable, animal or synthetic oils.
 6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the oils are selected from the group consisting of the silicone oils and the isoparaffins.
 7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the silicone oils are oils of linear or cyclic structure selected from the group consisting of the polyalkylsiloxanes, the polyarylsiloxanes, the polyalkylarylsiloxanes and their mixtures.
 8. The composition of claim 1, wherein said composition is in the form of an oily lotion further containing waxes, resins or silicone gums.
 9. The composition of claim 1, wherein said composition is in the form of a nonionic or cationic emulsion.
 10. The composition of claim 9, comprising a fatty phase of the emulsion which consists of the thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane or of a mixture of said thiol-functional polydiorganosiloxane with one or more oils or waxes.
 11. The composition of claim 9, wherein said composition is in the form of a nonionic emulsion containing a nonionic emulsifier selected from the group consisting of the polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohols, the polyoxyethylenated fatty acids, esters of sorbitan, the polyoxyethylenated esters of sorbitan, the polyoxyethylenated fatty amides, the polyglycerolated fatty amides, the polyoxyethylenated alkylphenols, the polyglycerolated alkylphenols, the polyglycerolated alpha-diols and polyglycerolated fatty alcohols.
 12. The composition of claim 9, wherein said composition is in the form of a cationic emulsion containing a cationic emulsifier selected from the group consisting of the quaternary ammonium halides. 